Association of biomarkers and severity of COVID-19: A crosssectional study. / Asociación de biomarcadores y severidad de COVID-19: estudio transversal.

Introduction COVID- 19 is a disease that has claimed the lives of many people. However, alterations in labo-ratory profiles in the city of Tacna have not been accurately established in association with its severity to support diagnosis and treatment. Objective To determine biomarkers related to the severity of COVID- 19 in patients treated at the social security hospital in Tacna during 2020. Methods We performed an observational, cross- sectional, and analytical study that included 308 patients with COVID- 19 from the social security hospital in Tacna, Peru, during the "first wave" of the pandemic (from July to August 2020). Immunological, hematological, arterial gas, hemostasis, and biochemical markers were collected. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe based on the clinical criteria found on clinical records. Correlation strength was per-formed according to Spearman's Rho coefficient. The performance of the biomarkers associat-ed with severity was analyzed with the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. Results Regarding hematological markers there was a positive correlation with monocyte count (correla-tion coefficient: 0.841; area under the curve 97.0%; p < 0.05) and a negative correlation with lymphocyte count (correlation coefficient: -0.622; area under the curve 82.7%; p < 0.05). Regarding biochemical markers, arterial gases and hemostasis, no significant correlations were found. In immunological markers, we found positive correlation with ferritin (correlation coef-ficient: 0.805; area under the curve 94.0%; p < 0.05), and C- reactive protein (correlation coeffi-cient: 0.587; area under the curve 87.4%; p < 0.05). Conclusions The biomarkers that can be considered as parameters associated with the severity of COVID- 19 are the absolute blood count of monocytes and serum ferritin concentration.

Introducción COVID- 19, es una enfermedad que ha cobrado la vida de muchas personas. Sin embargo, las alteraciones en los perfiles de labora-torio en la ciudad de Tacna, no han sido establecidas de manera precisa en asociacion a su gravedad para apoyo en el diagnostico y tratamiento. Objetivo Determinar los biomarcadores que esten relacionados al grado de severidad de los pacientes COVID- 19 atendidos en el hospital de la seguridad social, en Tacna durante 2020. Métodos Estudio observacional, transversal y analitico. Conformado por 308 pacientes con COVID- 19 del hospital de la seguridad social de la ciudad de Tacna, Peru, durante el golpe de la "primera ola" (de julio a agosto de 2020). Se recolectaron resultados de marcadores inmunologicos, hematologicos, gases arteriales, hemostasia y bioquimicos. Los pacientes se categorizaron en leves, moderados y severos, basandonos en el criterio medico ­ clinico de la historia clinica. Las correlaciones y fuerza de correlacion fueron realizadas segun coeficiente Rho de Spearman. El rendimiento de los biomarcadores asociado a la gravedad, se realizo con curva Receiver Operating Characteristic. Resultados En marcadores hematologicos existe correlacion positiva con recuento de monocitos (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,841; area bajo la curva 97,0%; p < 0,05) y correlacion negativa con recuento de linfocitos (coeficiente de correlacion: -0,622; area bajo la curva 8.27%; p < 0,05). En marcadores bioquimicos, gases arteriales y hemostasia, no se hallaron correlaciones significativas. En marcadores in-munologicos, encontramos correlacion positiva con ferritina (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,805; area bajo la curva 94,0%; p < 0,05), y proteina C reactiva (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,587; area bajo la curva 87,4%; p < 0,05). Conclusiones Los biomarcadores que pueden considerarse como parametros asociados a la gravedad de COVID- 19, son el recuento sanguineo absoluto de monocitos y la concentracion serica de ferritina.

Asociación de biomarcadores y severidad de COVID-19: estudio transversal / Association of biomarkers and severity of COVID-19: a crosssectional study

Introducción COVID- 19, es una enfermedad que ha cobrado la vida de muchas personas. Sin embargo, las alteraciones en los perfiles de labora-torio en la ciudad de Tacna, no han sido establecidas de manera precisa en asociacion a su gravedad para apoyo en el diagnostico y tratamiento. Objetivo Determinar los biomarcadores que esten relacionados al grado de severidad de los pacientes COVID- 19 atendidos en el hospital de la seguridad social, en Tacna durante 2020. Métodos Estudio observacional, transversal y analitico. Conformado por 308 pacientes con COVID- 19 del hospital de la seguridad social de la ciudad de Tacna, Peru, durante el golpe de la "primera ola" (de julio a agosto de 2020). Se recolectaron resultados de marcadores inmunologicos, hematologicos, gases arteriales, hemostasia y bioquimicos. Los pacientes se categorizaron en leves, moderados y severos, basandonos en el criterio medico ­ clinico de la historia clinica. Las correlaciones y fuerza de correlacion fueron realizadas segun coeficiente Rho de Spearman. El rendimiento de los biomarcadores asociado a la gravedad, se realizo con curva Receiver Operating Characteristic. Resultados En marcadores hematologicos existe correlacion positiva con recuento de monocitos (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,841; area bajo la curva 97,0%; p < 0,05) y correlacion negativa con recuento de linfocitos (coeficiente de correlacion: -0,622; area bajo la curva 8.27%; p < 0,05). En marcadores bioquimicos, gases arteriales y hemostasia, no se hallaron correlaciones significativas. En marcadores in-munologicos, encontramos correlacion positiva con ferritina (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,805; area bajo la curva 94,0%; p < 0,05), y proteina C reactiva (coeficiente de correlacion: 0,587; area bajo la curva 87,4%; p < 0,05). Conclusiones Los biomarcadores que pueden considerarse como parametros asociados a la gravedad de COVID- 19, son el recuento sanguineo absoluto de monocitos y la concentracion serica de ferritina.

Introduction COVID- 19 is a disease that has claimed the lives of many people. However, alterations in labo-ratory profiles in the city of Tacna have not been accurately established in association with its severity to support diagnosis and treatment. Objective To determine biomarkers related to the severity of COVID- 19 in patients treated at the social security hospital in Tacna during 2020. Methods We performed an observational, cross- sectional, and analytical study that included 308 patients with COVID- 19 from the social security hospital in Tacna, Peru, during the "first wave" of the pandemic (from July to August 2020). Immunological, hematological, arterial gas, hemostasis, and biochemical markers were collected. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe based on the clinical criteria found on clinical records. Correlation strength was per-formed according to Spearman's Rho coefficient. The performance of the biomarkers associat-ed with severity was analyzed with the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. Results Regarding hematological markers there was a positive correlation with monocyte count (correla-tion coefficient: 0.841; area under the curve 97.0%; p < 0.05) and a negative correlation with lymphocyte count (correlation coefficient: -0.622; area under the curve 82.7%; p < 0.05). Regarding biochemical markers, arterial gases and hemostasis, no significant correlations were found. In immunological markers, we found positive correlation with ferritin (correlation coef-ficient: 0.805; area under the curve 94.0%; p < 0.05), and C- reactive protein (correlation coeffi-cient: 0.587; area under the curve 87.4%; p < 0.05). Conclusions The biomarkers that can be considered as parameters associated with the severity of COVID- 19 are the absolute blood count of monocytes and serum ferritin concentration.

Dislipidemia en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 del Hospital III Daniel Alcides Carrión EsSalud-Tacna durante el año 2006 / Dyslipidemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión Essalud III-Tacna in 2006

Se hizo un estudio del perfil lipídico en pacientes diabéticos para determinar el tipo de dislipidemia; factor de riesgo para aterosclerosis asociada a enfermedad coronaria, accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) y enfermedad vascular periférica (EVP). Se evaluaron 495 pacientes diabéticos del Hospital III Daniel Alcides Carrión (DAC) de la Red Asistencial Tacna. Se midió en éstos el colesterol total, colesterol-HDL, colesterol-LDL y triglicéridos utilizando métodos enzimáticos. Los resultados mostraron que el 43.6% de pacientes diabéticos tienen niveles aceptables de colesterol total (200 mg/dl). el 29.3% tienen niveles aceptables de triglicéridos (<160 mg/dl) y el 70.7% presentan hipertrigliceridemia; según los rangos recomendados por la Asociación Americana de Cardiología (AAC). De los 495 pacientes diabéticos estudiados el 49.5% (245) tienen hipertensión arterial asociada. En el grupo de diabéticos, así como en el subgrupo de diabéticos hipertensos se encontró niveles disminuidos de coelsterol-HDL y niveles aumentados de colesterol-LDL tanto en aquellos con niveles de colesterol aceptable y con niveles de riesgo; siendo a mayor nivel de colesterol total, los niveles colesterol-LDL también muchos mayores. De acuerdo al índice de masa muscular (IMC) en el grupo de estudio, el 21.2% tiene un IMC y el 78.8% cursa con algún grado de obesidad. A mayor IMC aumenta el colesterol total, colesterol-LDL y triglicéridos, no encontrándose mayor relación con colesterol-HDL. Se concluye que más del 50% de estos pacientes diabéticos y además aquellos con hipertensión arterial aunado al alto porcentaje de obesidad encontrado; tienen un perfil de riesgo aterogénico alto y se hace necesario desarrollar acciones a favor de disminuir este riesgo con un manejo más integral de la dislipemia del paciente diabético, mejorando el estilo de vida y si es necesario con tratamiento farmacológico hipolipemiante.

A study of lipidic profile was made in diabetic patients to determine the dislipidemia type; factor of risk for aterosclerosis associated to coronary illness, cerebrovascular accident (ACV) and vascular peripheral illness. 495 diabetic patients of the Daniel Alcides Carrion (DAC) Hospital III Tacna were evaluated. It was measured the total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, using enzymatic methods. The results demonstrated that 43.6% of diabetic patients have acceptable levels of total cholesterol (200 mg/dl). 29.3% have acceptable levels of Tryglycerides (<160 mg/dl) and 70.7% present hipertrigliceridemia; according to recommended parameters given by the American Association of Cardiology (AAC). From 495 studied diabetic patients, 49.5% (245) have associated arterial hypertension. In the group of diabetics, as well as in the subgroup of hipertense diabetic was found diminished levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol. As in those with levels of acceptable cholesterol and with levels of risk; if levels total cholesterol are superior, levels of LDL cholesterol are also much bigger. According to the index of muscular mass (IMC) in this study group, 21.2% show a normal IMC and 78.8% present some grade of obesity. If IMC is increased, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides are also augmented, not found any relationship with HDL cholesterol. In conclusion we can affirm more than 50% of these diabetic patients and also those with arterial hypertension, joined to the high percentage of obesity found in this study group; present a high aterogenic profile of risk, and it becomes necessary developing some actions diminishing this risk with dislipidemia, improving their lifestyle and when necessary with a pharmacological hipolipemiant usage.